Sinus Iridum/ˈsaɪnəs ˈɪrɪdəm/ (Latinsinus īridum "Bay of Rainbows")[1] is a plain of basalticlava that forms a northwestern extension to the Mare Imbrium on Earth's moon.

It is surrounded from the northeast to the southwest by the Montes Jura range. The protruding part of the range at the southwest end is named Promontorium Heraclides, while that at the northeast end is called Promontorium Laplace.

This bay and the surrounding mountains is considered one of the most beautiful features on the Moon, and is a favorite among lunar observers.Sinus Iridum is formed from the remains of a large impact crater, which was subsequently flooded with basaltic lava, inundating the "sea" wall.

The bay itself does not contain any notable impact craters, but does include the satellite crater Heraclides E in the south, Laplace A along the eastern edge, and Bianchini G in the north.

The surface is level, but is marked by a number of wrinkle ridges (dorsa).

Sinus Iridum is one of the largest craters of Upper (Late) Imbrian age.[2]

The selenographic coordinates of the bay's center are 45.01° N, 31.67° W, and the diameter is 249 km.[1]

It was the planned landing site of Chang'e 3, China's 2013 lunar exploration mission, which instead landed nearby in Mare Imbrium.

When 10 to 11 days after new moon the Sinus Iridum is still in shadow, the Montes Jura can already be visible at the lunar terminator. This geometry is also called Golden Handle.

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Plato is a lava-filled lunarimpact crater on the Moon.

Its diameter is 101 km. It was named after ancient Greek philosopher Plato.[1]

It is located on the northeastern shore of the Mare Imbrium, at the western extremity of the Montes Alpes mountain range.

In the mare to the south are several rises collectively named the Montes Teneriffe. To the north lies the wide stretch of the Mare Frigoris.

East of the crater, among the Montes Alpes, are several rilles collectively named the Rimae Plato.

The age of Plato is about 3.84 billion years, only slightly younger than the Mare Imbrium to the south.

The rim is irregular with 2-km-tall jagged peaks that project prominent shadows across the crater floor when the Sun is at a low angle.

Sections of the inner wall display signs of past slumping, most notably a large triangular slide along the western side.

The rim of Plato is circular, but from the Earth it appears oval due to foreshortening.

The flat floor of Plato has a relatively low albedo, making it appear dark in comparison to the surrounding rugged terrain.

The floor is free of significant impact craters and lacks a central peak. However, there are a few small craterlets scattered across the floor.Plato is one of the largest craters of Upper (Late) Imbrian age.[3]

Plato has developed a reputation for transient lunar phenomena, including flashes of light, unusual colour patterns, and areas of hazy visibility. These anomalies are likely a result of seeing conditions, combined with the effects of different illumination angles of the Sun. (Alien Base most likely)



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